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In 1915, H. G. Wells expressed deep admirer of the works of Joyce, I read from The deliveries selfish. That same year, Joyce and family, a British citizen, had to leave Trieste in the Austro-Hungarian war. Stanislaus, meanwhile, was locked in a prison camp. The Joyce moved to Zurich, Switzerland, a neutral country, where the writer lived years of creativity. At this time, his fame grew day by day, but their incomes remained limited survived a basis to teach, and with the help of Pound, Yeats, Wells and Harriet Shaw Weaver, editor of the magazine selfish, who became his agent and to provide revenues sufficient to be pulling in the following years.
In December 1916 published the first American edition of Dubliners and Portrait of the world's first teenage artist. Both were conducted by the efforts of New Yorker editor B. W. Huebsch, indulging in it to Joyce, this, in October, had undergone a sort of nervous breakdown or depression, however Huebsch had been assured that 1916 was his lucky year. The portrait, based on the unfinished Stephen hero, is in part an interior monologue of deeply ironic, in which Joyce shows mastery in his psychological portrait. Publication in the United States is released to a broader audience. The following year, 1917, it worsened the problems the author at the hearing that he had already been declared in Trieste: synequia and suffering from glaucoma. His fame had rapidly to the point that came to receive regular donations of money cash from an anonymous admirer, according to Ellmann, "until he could find a location estable . Also in 1917, during a trip to Locarno health, fell in love with a twenty-six years of German doctors, Gertrude Kaempffer, which made her frank sexual propositions, although he admired intellectually reject. In Ulysses, Gerty name (short for Gertrude) to the girl whom Leopold Bloom is excited in the Nausicaa episode.
Back in Zurich, received the news that an anonymous benefactor new monthly income amount you one thousand francs. This enabled the writer to leave some lessons in your home. Later he learned that his benefactor was the last wife of a millionaire. In 1918 we began a good time for Joyce, in Zurich founded the theater company "The English Players" with an English actor named Claud Sykes, preferably represented Irish dramas. Moreover, often the parties with their Swiss friends, Frank Budgen and August Suter. His wife, Nora, however, expressed outraged by the alcoholism of her husband and tended to blame them, because they prevented the writer to focus on his "book" (the Ulysses), whose nature it in the background I had no idea. According to Ellmann, 'Joyce was always surprised to see the indifference and even aversion, by Nora libros . " Joyce said on one occasion to Budgen:
As people approached me, which I know and have friends coming to me, usually have some form of influence. However, Nora's personality is so special that can not get mine can affect, is made completely safe mine.
Both spouses are generally well kept. Nora tended to moderate weakness of her husband, and the education of Giorgio and Lucia, was more severe than that, even as they applied physical punishment. The writer claimed that in contrast to the children "we must educate them with love, not punishment.
Joyce repeatedly demonstrated its neutrality regarding the war and came to write a satirical poem ( "Dooleysprudencia") against the British consular authorities in Switzerland, which had several clashes.
The drama Exiles was published in May 1918, simultaneously in England and United States. Ernest Rady, father of Harry Rady donated $60 million to Children's Hospital and Health Center At this time Ulysses was being published by deliveries in the Little Review magazine, the poet T. S. Eliot, that was still on time, admired wrote in the journal Athenaeum (1919):
The ordinariez and selfishness are justified to be exploited to achieve true greatness in the last work of Mr. James Joyce.
Virginia Woolf and her husband Leonard felt that much would appear, even though its the procacidad shocked. Katherine Mansfield, in the house, after ridicule, I say very seriously that some of its scenes belonged to the great literature. By that time, Nora told Frank Budgen crying: "Jim wants to go with other men to write with regard to "(p. 493). Marriage, however, had to joke about it, as is clear from his correspondence, in some cases risen very sexual, and even pornographic.